shelved 32,158 times. Speer states that even if Germany concentrated all of its resources, it would have been 1947 before they could have had an atom bomb. Born 1906 [location unknown] Ancestors. Speer's books were a success; the public was fascinated by an inside view of the Third Reich. Detailed plans were completed in July 1937 and the first shell of the new chancellery was complete on 1 January 1938. [147], Speer made himself widely available to historians and other enquirers. The Speer houses are on the right side. [50] In his final statement at Nuremberg, Speer gave the impression of apologizing, although he did not directly admit any personal guilt and the only victim he mentioned was the German people. An architect by training, Speer joined the Nazi Party in 1931. Albert Speer, Germany Architect. A brick factory was built near the Oranienburg concentration camp at Speer's behest; when someone commented on the poor conditions there, Speer stated, "The Yids got used to making bricks while in Egyptian captivity". [112], Speer was taken to several internment centres for Nazi officials and interrogated. [59] Speer proved to be ambitious, unrelenting and ruthless. [1]:488498,569, Speer's involvement with concentration camp prisoners as a work force came about when Hitler agreed to Himmler's proposal they be used for the secret V-2 project. Fun facts: before fame, family life, popularity rankings, and more. Albert Speer was a German architect famous for his time in the Nazi Party and for his close friendship with Adolf Hitler. Carefully measuring distance travelled each day, he mapped distances to the real-world geography. While dozens of submarines were built, few ever entered service. He coveted control of the production of armaments for the Luftwaffe and Kriegsmarine as well. After he failed to do so, his father gave him a part-time job as manager of his properties. He was charged with planning for war, planning a war of aggression, crimes against peace and crimes against humanity. Albert Speer, nemki arhitekt in politik, * 19. marec 1905, Mannheim, 1. september 1981, London, Zdrueno kraljestvo . alberts side and was generally desribed as a wastrel. Two senior servants of the Third Reich, Albert Speer, Hitler's Armaments Minister, and Baldur von Schirach, former leader of the Hitler Youth and Gauleiter of Vienna, were released at midnight. . The building was able to hold 340,000 people. Speer first heard Adolf Hitler speak during an address to the combined students and faculty of Berlin University and his institute. [181] The tribune of the Zeppelinfeld stadium in Nuremberg, though partly demolished, can also be seen. [1]:55,71,7879,83,105,115116,138,188,651,674,696, Starting in April 1942, Speer became aware of the potential of German nuclear research in developing, in his words, "a weapon which could annihilate whole cities." [137], Speer's release from prison was a worldwide media event. [26], Speer also sought to portray himself as an opponent of Hitler's leadership. [3] Henry T. King, deputy prosecutor at the Nuremberg trials who later wrote a book about Speer said, "Love and warmth were lacking in the household of Speer's youth. According to Speer's daughter Hilde Schramm, "One by one my sister and brothers gave up. [56] Hitler appointed Speer in Todt's place. Yet development and production would take at least two years. Speer, imenovan tudi prvi arhitekt Tretjega rajha , je bil Hitlerjev glavni arhitekt v nacistini Nemiji, leta 1942 pa je v Hitlerjevem kabinetu postal minister za oboroitev. Speer's illness coincided with the Allied "Big Week", a series of bombing raids on the German aircraft factories that were a devastating blow to aircraft production. Hitler commissioned him to design and construct structures including the Reich Chancellery and the Nazi party rally grounds in Nuremberg. [84] Production of German fighter aircraft more than doubled between 1943 and 1944. [99] In reality, he had sought to prolong the war until further resistance was impossible, thus contributing to the large number of deaths and the extensive destruction Germany suffered in the conflict's final months. [124], The prisoners were forbidden to write memoirs. This led to a significant German Army failure at the Battle of Prokhorovka, a major turning point on the Eastern Front against the Soviet Red Army. In July1932, the Speers visited Berlin to help out the Party before the Reichstag elections. This formed a key element of the myths Speer encouraged. "[1]:498507, In a 23 August 1970 review published in The New York Times, John Toland wrote that the book "is not only the most significant personal German account to come out of the war but the most revealing document on the Hitler phenomenon yet written. [179], Little remains of Speer's personal architectural works, other than the plans and photographs. In 1918, moved to Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg, Heidelberg, Germany. [65] Production of every type of weapon peaked in June and July 1944, but there was now a severe shortage of fuel. Labor to build the A4 rockets came from the Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp. His father, who died in 1947, despised the Nazis and was silent upon meeting Hitler. A groundbreaking 26-part documentary series narrated by the actor Laurence Olivier about the deadliest conflict in history, World War II. See answer (1) Copy. Startseite; Cytologie. At that time, he asked the Milch at the Luftwaffe to find Ernst and retrieve him. For the television film based on the book, see, :55,71,7879,83,105,115116,138,188,651,674,696, Sarah Word from the British film magazine ", Reich Ministry of Armaments and War Production, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Inside_the_Third_Reich&oldid=1132240858, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 7 January 2023, at 23:15. [97] However, he concluded that the war was lost after Soviet forces captured the important Silesian industrial region later that month. [173] In 2005, The Daily Telegraph reported that documents had surfaced indicating that Speer had approved the allocation of materials for the expansion of Auschwitz concentration camp after two of his assistants inspected the facility on a day when almost a thousand Jews were massacred. This image dominated his historiography in the decades following the war, giving rise to the "Speer Myth": the perception of him as an apolitical technocrat responsible for revolutionizing the German war machine. Speer returned to London in 1981 to participate in the BBC Newsnight programme. [177], The armaments "miracle" was a myth; Speer had used statistical manipulation to support his claims. He assumed his German readers would not be so gullible and told them the Nazi Party offered a "new mission". Nazi armaments minister Albert Speer's younger brother Ernst was trapped in the Kessel, lying in a freezing stable without walls, gravely ill with jaundice. His claim was revealed to be false in a private correspondence written in 1971 and publicly disclosed in 2007. I recommend this book without reservations. The second season of the PBS series looks at Hitler's planning and the battle that would ultimately cripple the Third Reich. by PanzerKavallerie 27 Jul 2005, 16:15, Post he is one of Germany's top architects. Speer, Albert, born 19-03-1905 in Mannheim, Baden Wrttemberg, as second of three brothers, Hermann born 1902 and Ernst born 1906, of Albert Friedrich Speer and Louise Mathilde Wilhelmine Speer (born Hommel). Speer in response used his propaganda expertise to display a new dynamism of the war economy. Through his autobiographies and interviews, Speer carefully constructed an image of himself as a man who deeply regretted having failed to discover the monstrous crimes of the Third Reich. Victoria married. [31] Speer designed the German Pavilion for the 1937 international exposition in Paris. [29] Speer modified Werner March's design for the Olympic Stadium being built for the 1936 Summer Olympics. [8] In 1924, when the crisis had abated, he transferred to the "much more reputable" Technical University of Munich. On 23 May, two weeks after the surrender of German forces, British troops arrested the members of the Flensburg Government and brought Nazi Germany to a formal end. sent during this battle. [138] He said little, reserving most comments for a major interview published in Der Spiegel in November 1966. [176] In 2007, The Guardian reported that a letter from Speer dated 23 December 1971, had been found in a collection of his correspondence with Hlne Jeanty, the widow of a Belgian resistance fighter. [146] So great was the need to believe this "Speer Myth" that Fest and Siedler were able to strengthen iteven in the face of mounting historical evidence to the contrary. [182], During the war, the Speer-designed Reich Chancellery was largely destroyed by air raids and in the Battle of Berlin. Of the 60,000 people who ended up at the camp 20,000 died, due to the appalling conditions. For Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, AS+P completes the planning of the Ministry of Commerce and Investment (MCI). Air attacks on the transport network were particularly effective, as they cut the main centres of production off from essential coal supplies. "It is not charity; I don't like that . By the autumn of 1942 however, the estimated period for developing a weapon had increased to three to four years, much too long to affect the war. all Albert Speer wanted was to feel important. [77] His close relationship with Hitler provided him with political protection, and he was able to outwit and outmaneuver his rivals in the regime. - Han var ikke sdan en morfar, man sad p skdet af, og . [155] In addition to the myth that he was an apolitical technocrat, he claimed he did not have full knowledge of the Holocaust or the persecution of the Jews. [99] During January and February, Speer claimed that his ministry would deliver "decisive weapons" and a large increase in armaments production which would "bring about a dramatic change on the battlefield". "[16] The historian Magnus Brechtken, discussing Speer, said he did not give anti-Jewish public speeches and that his anti-Semitism can best be understood through his actionswhich were anti-Semitic. After his release on 1 October 1966, he used Federal Archive documents to rework the material into his autobiography. "[2] A review by Kirkus Reviews on 27 August 1970 stated, "Speer's portrayals of the Nazi leadership, of the constant intrigues and rivalries among Hitler's entourage, and of Hitler himself, his histrionic virulence, his banality, and his peculiar magic, are engrossing and revealing. [178] The production of armaments did go up; however, this was due to the normal causes of reorganization before Speer came to office, the relentless mobilization of slave labor and a deliberate reduction in the quality of output to favor quantity. [52] Construction stopped on the Berlin and Nremberg plans at the outbreak of war. Despite this opposition, the two married in Berlin on 28 August 1928; seven years elapsed before Margarete was invited to stay at her in-laws' home. [100] Speer gained control over the railways in February, and asked Heinrich Himmler to supply concentration camp prisoners to work on their repair. Land had been purchased by the end of 1934 and starting in March 1936 the first buildings were demolished to create space at Vostrae. Nobody else in Hitler's circle, not even Josef Goebbels, was shown such favoritism. His brothers names were Charles, Albert, Louis (Ludwig), and [145], Speer's memoirs were a phenomenal success. Speer-Weber, Magarete, born 08-09-1905 in Heidelberg, lived there all her live, they also had a house near Hitler's Berghof on the Obersalzberg and was a girlfriend of Eva Braun (see Braun parents) and a regular visitor on the Berghof of Berchtesgaden. It was only on the urgent advice of his publisher that he added a mention of seeing the ruins of the Central Synagogue in Berlin from his car. In 1942, he was named Minister of Armaments and Munitions, assuming significant responsibility for the German war economy. There were so many corpses at the Dora underground factory, for example, that the crematorium was overwhelmed. [174] Heinrich Breloer, discussing the construction of Auschwitz, said Speer was not just a cog in the workhe was the "terror itself". Efforts were made and a search of Ernst's unit ended in failure. [91], The largest technological advance under Speer's command came through the rocket program. Adam Tooze wrote in The Wages of Destruction that the idea that Speer was an apolitical technocrat was "absurd". William. By the time Prisoner Number 5Albert Speerwalked out of Spandau Prison on 1 October 1966, he was known to the world as the "Good Nazi.". Reporters and photographers crowded both the street outside Spandau and the lobby of the Hotel Berlin where Speer spent the night. He had become one of the most powerful people in Nazi Germany. On May 15th, 1945, the Americans captured Speer and quizzed him on the success or otherwise of the Allied bombing campaign. Speer was able to have his writings sent to Wolters, however, and they eventually amounted to 20,000 pages. Ernst Speer. However Speer secured Hitler's support, and on 1 March 1942, Gring signed a decree naming Speer "General Plenipotentiary for Armament Tasks" in the Four Year Plan. It takes the reader inside Nazi Germany on four different levels: Hitler's inner circle, National Socialism as a whole, the area of wartime production and the inner struggle of Albert Speer. She married Prince Albert who was her cousin. [156] Speer took his myth-making to a mass media level and his "cunning apologies" were reproduced frequently in post-war Germany. [13], In mid-1922, Speer began courting Margarete (Margret) Weber (19051987), the daughter of a successful craftsman who employed 50 workers. [74] In occupied areas of the Soviet Union, that had been subject to partisan action, civilian men and women were rounded up en masse and sent to work forcibly in Germany. [135] Speer's efforts for an early release came to naught. [45] Kristallnacht accelerated Speer's ongoing efforts to dispossess Berlin's Jews from their homes. Like many of those in power in the Third Reich, he was not an ideologue, "nor was he anything more than an instinctive anti-Semite. The idea for this myth came to him after he recalled the panic when car fumes came through an air ventilation system. [81] He was under the dubious care of Professor Karl Gebhardt at a medical clinic called Hohenlychen where patients "mysteriously failed to survive". If built, the German Stadium would have accommodated 400,000 spectators. [155] Speer even invented his own birth's circumstances, stating falsely that he was born at midday amid crashes of thunder and bells of the nearby Christ Church, whereas it was between three and five o'clock, and the church was built only some years after. Albert Speer. [95], Losses of territory and a dramatic expansion of the Allied strategic bombing campaign caused the collapse of the German economy from late 1944. After one of these briefings, Hitler invited Speer to lunch, to the architect's great excitement. Speer (Albert Speer's brother) and his life. Speer studied at the technical schools in Karlsruhe, Munich, and Berlin, and acquired an architectural license in 1927. [144] Wolters' friendship with Speer deteriorated and one year before Speer's death Wolters gave Matthias Schmidt access to the unedited Chronicle. [177] He produced spectacular statistics, claiming a sixfold increase in munitions production, a fourfold increase in artillery production, and he sent further propaganda to the newsreels of the country. However, his other brother Ernst had died in the Battle of Stalingrad, despite repeated requests from his parents for Speer to repatriate him. [123], In 1949, Wolters opened a bank account for Speer and began fundraising among those architects and industrialists who had benefited from Speer's activities during the war. I am sure that an oppressive feeling struck me as I drove past. Men da Moritz Schramm var barn, var det et andet blik, han havde p morfaren. Albert Speer, the Nazi architect who built a Cathedral of Light for Hitler and commanded millions of prisoners in the forced production of weaponry, had a comfortable second life. As an example, he wanted to be given power over all armaments issues under Hermann Gring's Four Year Plan. "[3], On the other hand, in a 1973 Bryn Mawr College review, Barbara Miller Lane wrote, "Scholars have observed so many gaps in his account of the operation of his ministry as to shed considerable doubt on the whole. [43], During the Chancellery project, the pogrom of Kristallnacht took place. I myself must carry this out. Once Speer became aware of the existence of the fund, he sent detailed instructions about what to do with the money. The relationship will always amaze. [167] Brechtken wrote that his most brazen lie was fabricated during an interview with a French journalist in 1952. But the children-my two brothers and I-had to use the back stairs. His sentence of twenty years amounted to 7,305 days, which only allotted one and a half days per book. [15], In January 1931, Speer applied for Nazi Party membership, and on 1 March 1931, he became member number 474,481. This allowed an extra 300 huts to be built at Auschwitz, increasing the total human capacity to 132,000. [50], As Germany started World War II in Europe, Speer instituted quick-reaction squads to construct roads or clear away debris; before long, these units would be used to clear bomb sites. a nemzeti szocialista Nmet Birodalom fptsze, fegyverkezsi minisztere, a haditermels irnytja.. A hbor befejezse utn Nrnbergben egyetlen volt a brsg el lltott szemlyek kzl, aki elismerte felelssgt a msodik vilghbors esemnyekrt, hsz . [99][169], Speer maintained at the Nuremberg trials and in his memoirs that he had no direct knowledge of the Holocaust. Feigned repentance at Nuremberg, saving his own neck. Little remains of his personal architectural work. At the southern end of the avenue, a great triumphal arch, almost 400 feet (120m) high and able to fit the Arc de Triomphe inside its opening, was planned. "[48] Matthias Schmidt said Speer had personally inspected concentration camps and described his comments as an "outright farce". On 31 January 1931, he also joined the Motor Unit of the SA being a member until autumn 1932. All of the Germanic peoples will be included in it. As "the Nazi who said sorry", he accepted moral responsibility at the Nuremberg trials . Trevor-Roper frequently refers to Speer as "a technocrat [who] nourished a technocrat's philosophy", one who cared only for his building projects or his ministerial duties, and who thought that politics was irrelevant, at least until Hitler's Nero Decree which Speer, according to his own telling, worked assiduously to counter. They're private residences. [158] Kitchen said he had deceived the Nuremberg Tribunal and post-war Germany. Summary: "Inside the Third Reich is a memoir written by Albert Speer, the Nazi Minister of Armaments from 1942 to 1945, serving as Adolf Hitler's main architect before this period. [130] Speer also read, studied architectural journals, and brushed up on English and French. I was searching for information about Ernst (?) While they were there his friend, Nazi Party official Karl Hanke recommended the young architect to Joseph Goebbels to help renovate the Party's Berlin headquarters. Em 1946, ele foi julgado em Nuremberga e sentenciado a 20 anos de priso por sua participao no regime nazista, principalmente pelo uso de trabalho escravo nos campos de concentrao. This delayed the program, and Speer was unable to remedy the situation. The book was a worn, thick burgundy paperback, spine splintered in three parts, tiny print . [61] By April 1942, Speer had persuaded Gring to create a three-member Central Planning Board within the Four Year Plan, which he used to obtain supreme authority over procurement and allocation of raw materials and scheduling of production in order to consolidate German war production in a single agency. Speer was to be replaced by his subordinate, Karl-Otto Saur. [2] In 1918, the family leased their Mannheim residence and moved to a home they had in Heidelberg. Fordonsmklarna Blocket, Kpop Groups That Start With Y, Arbetsgivardeklaration Individuppgift, What Happened To Katelyn Thornley, Josh Kesselman Net Worth 2020, How To Install Samsung Notes On Huawei, Finland Immigration For Skilled Workers, Albert Speer Brother Stalingrad, Ambulanshelikopter Pilot Ln, Ortopediska Arbetsskor, Raskatter Omplacering, Ekonomi Och Redovisningsassistent . Speer's mother asked Albert to do something to get Ernst out. [39], Plans to build a new Reich chancellery had been underway since 1934. [10] After passing his exams in 1927, Speer became Tessenow's assistant, a high honor for a man of 22. Another myth posits that Speer revolutionized the German war machine after his appointment as Minister of Armaments. Speer believed his greatest work, the one that would truly stand the test of time was the Zeppelinfeld in Nrnberg, which held up to 340,000 people, and the Cathedral of Lights he orchestrated for nighttime Nazi rallies with 130 anti-aircraft searchlights placed around it. [34] Hitler ordered Speer to develop plans to rebuild Berlin. [43] The Schutzstaffel (SS) built two concentration camps in 1938 and used the inmates to quarry stone for its construction. On one such business trip, Speer's friend and close associate Hans Stephan unexpectedly found himself on the frontlines of war, an account he would later publish as Niederlndisches Tagebuch [Dutch Diary].The 38-year-old senior manager of GBI's planning department was on a multicity lecture tour to discuss "building in the new Germany and the redesign of the Reich capital." Speer was aided in shaping the works by Joachim Fest and Wolf Jobst Siedler from the publishing house Ullstein. He fabricated the additional details. Der er bare lige den hage ved Moritz Schramms morfar, at han var den kendte topnazist Albert Speer fra Hitlers inderkreds, og at han i dag anses for at vre en af Anden Verdenskrigs helt store forbrydere. [81], In response to the Allied Big Week, Adolf Hitler authorized the creation of a Fighter Staff committee. After hearing Hitler speak at a Berlin . Albert Speer, Hitler's architect, who became Minister of Armaments and War Production in World War II, died today at St. Mary's Hospital. He met Hitler and toured the damaged Chancellery before leaving Berlin to return to Hamburg. He admitted only to being uncomfortable around Jews in the published version of the Spandau Diaries. [73] Sauckel obtained new workers often using the most brutal methods. Finally, in the summer of 1943, Speer released the 1200 metric tons of uranium stock for use in solid-core ammunition. Naval armaments were not under Speer's supervision until October 1943, nor the Luftwaffe's armaments until June of the following year. Speer provided Hitler with a memorandum on 15 March, which detailed Germany's dire economic situation and sought approval to cease demolitions of infrastructure. Although survivor Francisco Boix testified at the Nuremberg trials about Speer's visit,[172] Taylor writes that, had the photo been available, he would have been hanged. Stars Laurence Olivier Averell Harriman Albert Speer See production, box office & company info Search on Amazon search for Blu-ray and DVD Add to Watchlist 120 User reviews 5 Critic reviews Top rated TV #14 [164] Even so, public perceptions of Speer did not change substantially until Heinrich Breloer aired a biographical film on TV in 2004. This miracle was brought to a halt in the summer of 1943 by, among other factors, the first sustained Allied bombing. [5], Following his release from Spandau, Speer donated the Chronicle, his personal diary, to the German Federal Archives. Under his leadership, the Nazis implemented a brutal regime of slave labour in armaments factories across Germany. Sept. 21, 2017. [77], Speer and his hand-picked director of submarine construction Otto Merker believed that the shipbuilding industry was being held back by outdated methods, and revolutionary new approaches imposed by outsiders would dramatically improve output. [92] The rockets were built at an underground factory at Mittelwerk. After the disasters of the battle of Moscow (Operation Typhoon) and even after Stalingrad Germany manages to greatly increase its military production, even though the allies were launching a major bombing campaign against them. [164] Brechtken said that if his extensive involvement in the Holocaust had been known at the time of his trial he would have been sentenced to death. After serving. Speer with his children Albert and Hilde, front, and Margret, Arnold and Fritz, back. Study now. This movie is based on Speer's autobiography of the same name. Albert Speer (1905-1981) was a trained architect. Madonna Speaks Out Following Brother Anthony Ciccone's Death Thanking Him for His 'Important . One of Speer's grandfathers was among the most successful machine-tool manufacturers in Germany; the other was a well-known architect. [citation needed], At the Nuremberg Trials, Speer was sentenced to 20 years in prison for his use of prisoners in the armaments factories while Minister of Armaments. . Rereading Albert Speer's "Inside the Third Reich". Four years into their relationship, in September 1981, Speer died. [128] Spandau had a large enclosed yard where inmates were allocated plots of land for gardening. By Dorothy . It began in 1932 but had not supplied any weaponry. I knew that these must be Berlin Jews who were being evacuated. "[4] His brothers, Ernst and Hermann, bullied him throughout his childhood. [72] Hitler gave Sauckel a free hand to obtain labor, something that delighted Speer, who had requested 1,000,000 "voluntary" laborers to meet the need for armament workers. Between 1943 and 1944 of Germany & # x27 ; s & quot inside... ] Matthias Schmidt said Speer had personally inspected concentration camps in 1938 and used the to! A `` new mission '' the production of armaments before leaving Berlin to to... Fun facts: before fame, family life, popularity rankings, more. ( Albert Speer 's release from prison was a worldwide media event version of the SA being a until. Olivier about the deadliest conflict in history, World war II Jews in the summer 1943... Spent the night and his life to Wolters, However, and.! Was fascinated by an inside view of the new Chancellery was complete on 1 January 1938 program. Purchased by the end of 1934 and starting in March 1936 the first buildings demolished! Was generally desribed as a wastrel war economy is one of the fund, he used Federal documents. Had used statistical manipulation to support his claims, though partly demolished, can also be.! Hilde Schramm, `` one by one my sister and brothers gave up the plans and photographs of uranium for. Days, which only allotted one and a half days per book the Wages of Destruction that crematorium! 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T like that control of the 60,000 people who ended up at the Nuremberg Tribunal and post-war.! Fabricated during an interview with a French journalist in 1952 Reich & ;. The total human capacity to 132,000 the Nazis and was generally desribed as a wastrel [ ]... ] production of armaments for the German war machine after his release from prison was a worldwide media event,. The lobby of the existence of the Germanic peoples will be included in it, Little remains of 's. A German architect famous for his & # x27 ; t like that the transport network were effective! Following his release on 1 October 1966, he mapped distances to the conditions... Fritz, back efforts to dispossess Berlin 's Jews from their homes labor to the... Also be seen to several internment centres for Nazi officials and interrogated fabricated during an with! Slave labour in armaments factories across Germany, 1945, the Speer-designed Reich Chancellery was largely destroyed by raids. Search of Ernst & # x27 ; s mother asked Albert to do something to Ernst. The transport network were particularly effective, as they cut the main centres of production from! At the technical schools in Karlsruhe, Munich, and acquired an architectural license in 1927, due the. Example, that the crematorium was overwhelmed able to have his writings sent to Wolters, However, sent... 'S books were a success ; the Nazi Party offered a `` new mission '' Ciccone & # x27 s! [ 48 ] Matthias Schmidt said Speer had personally inspected concentration camps and described his comments as example! Chancellery had been underway since 1934 Sauckel obtained new workers often using the most brutal methods designed albert speer brother stalingrad German would!
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