(Vydano u spivpratsi z Fundatsiieiu Doslidzhennia Lemkivshyny. With a few days, Germany invaded Poland, triggering World War 2. The British did not have the intention of keeping the Polish refugees in East Africa when it was decided to take them there. The clusters of Polish refugees also arose in both Rhodesia and the Union of South Africa. T.5. Some, no doubt, are still there. Przemyslu Poland, The State Archive in Rzeszow Archiwum
In Ahvaz, "Camp Polonia" was one of the main exit centers for Poles leaving Iran, and the last Ahvaz camp closed in 1945. In the Kidugala settlement, 798 Poles lived near the deserted post-German Protestant mission. 00-202 Warszawa
NKVD agents issued Soviet passports to Poles in February-May 1943. The sworn deposition provides evidence of Soviet responsibility for the 1940 massacre of some 22,000 Polish officers in the Katyn forest and other places in what was then the Soviet Union. The first transport of Polish refugees from the Soviet Union arrived at the Tanga port in Tanganyika on August 27, 1942. The Polish press developed (the biggest titles: "Pole in Africa" and "Voice of Poland", and a number of newspapers published in settlements), and even Polish-language radio programmes broadcast from Nairobi. Later on, scouting teams were organized. Another report that Van Vliet made a few days later in Washington is considered missing. While Gen. Anders' troops were subsequently transferred to Palestine and from there to Iraq, the civilians remained in Iran. It was often their first contact with whites, he told DW. Dyrektor dr Tadeusz Krawczk
Lesiv, Mykhailo. The British agreed to evacuate Polish civilians from Iran and presented a plan for the placement of refugee settlements. Earlier, already in September 1941, the Polish government decided to set up consulates in Kenya, Tanganyika and Uganda as well as in both Rhodesia and the Union of South Africa. In Eastern Africa, six permanent Polish refugee settlements were established: four in Tanganyika (Tengeru, Kondoa, Ifunda, Kidugala) and two in Uganda (Masindi and Koja). Image: Courtesy/Jonathan Durand. A Polish publication estimated that 556,000 Germans and Poles died in these territories from all causes during this period.30 The West German Federal Ministry for Expellees, Refugees, and War Victims calculated the loss from 1945 to 1950 as 1,225,000 for Germany's eastern territories.31 The German Statistisches Bundesamt in Wiesbaden put the number at 1,339,000 for just the former eastern territories32 Weighing a variety of such estimates, I calculate the dead for the eastern territories and old Poland as 415,000 to almost 3,100,000, probably around 1,600,000 Reich and ethnic Germans, as given in Table 12.1. 1,400 people arrived on board ship, then they were transported to Dar es Salaam. executed in cold blood in Katyn, Kharkov, and Kalinin in April and May 1940. Due to financial reasons, it was decided to limit the number of Polish settlements, leaving only two in Tengeru (Tanganyika) and Koja (Uganda). ul. In August 1945 the number of Polish refugees in Northern Rhodesia was 3,419 of which 1,227 stayed in camps in the capital Lusaka, 1,431 in Bwana Mkubwa at the Copperbelt,164 in Fort There were 22 different camps that housed 13,000-19,000 Polish exiles spread out across East and Southern Africa, some with more than 6,000 people, others with just a handful of families. Some went directly to Israel, but others to the African camps, says Anita Cwynar, whose aunt, Wiktoria Cwynar, is buried at Ifunda, in the Iringa region of Tanzania. See for full text and footnotes:
The local tribes provided the Poles with building materials and food and worked on the construction of Polish settlements. They were coming from the Middle East. Union under the provisions of that tenuous "amnesty" of 1941. They also murdered about 65,000 Poles in this terror.2, In one notorious massacre, in incredibly cold calculation, the NKVD-the Soviet secret police--systematically executed possibly 14,471 former polish officers, including political leaders, government officials,
The settlements were divided into sections and groups, and the heads of departments of education, pastoral care, health care, culture and work were appointed. Christmas celebrations during theSecond World Waroften had to be scaled down or adjusted as restrictions and shortages took their toll. Ukrainian
Jewish Ghetto Police were to arrest non-Jews who made purchases in stores exclusively designated for the Jews or brought merchandise or food with them. Within a few weeks, the Soviets invaded Poland from the east. After the hell that we survived, Tehran was a different world. + Copies of insurance death claims from the Polish Roman Catholic Union of
During the two great evacuations (the first, between March 24 and the beginning of April 1942; the second, between August 10 and September 1, 1942), from Krasnovodsk across the Caspian Sea to Pahlavi (Iran), and the smaller overland evacuations from Ashkhabad to Mashhad (in March and September 1942), about 115,000 people (including some 37,000 civilians, of whom about 18,300 were children) left the Soviet Union. Some of them went on to emigrate to the United States, Argentina, Canada, France and Australia. Overall, during German occupation of pre-war Polish territory, 1939-1945, the Germans murdered 3,900,000 to 6,400,000 Poles, probably about 5,400,000, including near 3,000,000 Jews.7, According to the German Federal Ministry for Expellees, Refugees, and War Victims, 9,575,000 Germans lived in these eastern territories in 1939 10 (about 15 percent of Germany's population). Soon afterward, Moscow began a program of mass deportations of ethnic Poles as well as some Polish Jews, deep into the Soviet interior. [5], The evacuation of the Polish people from the USSR lasted from March 24, 1942, for one week, and then again from August 10, 1942, until the beginning of September. There, all were divided into several groups and began their education. Thousands died along the way to centers of the newly formed Polish army, mostly due to an epidemic of dysentery that decimated men, women, and children.[10]. History and implementation 4.2. granted him the right to enslave all of Eastern and half of Central Europe. This thesis explores why the camp was built in such a remote area . Scouting was popular. The Polish refugees also have a positive memory of the locals, says Durand. Own farms were run. Copies of
To relieve ourselves, we had to jump out of the train whenever it stopped. Recently, there has been renewed interest among historians and local authorities to highlighting the role of East Africans in the Second World War. [3] Thanks to a remarkable reversal of fortune well over 110,000 Poles, including 36,000 women and children, managed to leave the Soviet Union with Anders' Army. This has fueled speculation that the U.S. government helped cover up Soviet responsibility for the massacre out of fear that saying the truth would anger Stalin, whom the Allies were counting on to help them defeat Germany and Japan in World War II. pomocy charytatywnej (1948-1949). Among the many significant happenings of the Second World War is the story of thousands of Polish exiles who found refuge in East and Southern Africa. Language--U. Vinnipeh, 1969. Language--U. N'iu Iork, Paryzh, 1990. [11] Polish soldiers and civilians who left stayed in Iranian camps at Pahlevi and Mashhad, as well as Tehran. recruited families willing to take in a hundred orphans. Hitler's orders issued at this crucial moment had nothing to do with the extermination of Jews, however these orders were a retaliation for derailment by the Poles of Hitler's strategy to conquer the Euro-Asian Heartland.. First the exiles came out of Siberia in cattle cars, arriving at ports on the Caspian Sea. Both Soviet authorities and citizens of the country claimed that since the Polish Army did not fight the Germans, Poles were not entitled to any privileges. IWM collections, This media is not currently available. and Polish archives
Show more. After disembarking at the San Pedro naval dock near Los Angeles, the women and children under 14 years of age were placed in the Griffith Park Internment Camp in Burbank and the men in the Alien Camp in Tuna Canyon. Many Poles left Iran for India, thanks to the efforts of Polish consul in Bombay, Eugeniusz Banasinski. African radio stations ran programs in the Polish language and there waseven a Polish press. Thousands of Europeans sought sanctuary in Africa during World War II among them were many Polish people. Six years of war brought many changes to familiar festive rituals. his evil empire. unfortunate term "amnesty" (the word should have been "manumission" or "emancipation") to characterize the release of the exiles; they were Stalin's bargaining chip in the contest for the status quo ante borders of Poland. That was when Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin signed a non-aggression pact that divided several eastern European countries, including Poland, into German and Soviet spheres of interest. The housing was primitive: dwellings made of clay, with roofs made of grass and banana leaves. Children and adolescents were provided with pre-school and school care at various levels of education. In October 1942, the Director of War Evacuees and Camps of Northern Rhodesia, Gore Browne, expected around 500 Polish refugees to arrive from the Middle East. In Northern Rhodesia, 245 evacuees were accepted for permanent residence. Consuls together with delegates of the Polish Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare dealt with Polish refugees. [20] According to official data, during the state-controlled expulsion between 1945 and 1946, less than 50 percent of Poles who registered for population transfer were given the chance to leave the westernmost republics of the Soviet Union. 02-103 Warszawa
After the completion of the evacuation, there were over 110,000 Polish citizens in Iran. Between March 24 and April 4, 33,069 soldiers left the Soviet Union for Iran, as well as 10,789 civilians, including 3,100 children. from Canada
At Isfahan Polish orphanage, a children's camp was opened, where 2,300 children and 300 adults stayed and eight elementary schools were created. The arrival of the Polish 4.3 . in the plans, and two days later all of the refugees were shipped off to
their lives even after liberation (over 2,000 refugees died in Iran alone). Polish-American archives: http://wilson.ctstateu.edu/lib/archives/polish/
Dluga 6
It took a while for Durand to understand why Africa seemed so familiar to him. Unlike elsewhere, upon graduation the teens were placed either in schools operated by religious orders or in technical colleges. There were also teachers, so schools were built. 22sm. The dead were buried at various graveyards in East and Southern Africa. The church was built at the centre of the settlement using local materials and papyrus thatch. T.3. Some exiles also found asylum in India in transit camps set up in Quetta, Mount Abu, Panchgani, Bandra, and in and near Karachi (such as the Country Club Camp, Haji Pilgrims Camp, and the Malir Camp). The British people were now resigned to the fact that Hitler had to be stopped by force. Altogether, in 1943-44 there were 26 schools for Polish refugees in the Near East.[12]. Ul. They also kept some small livestock such as chicken. In the larger camps, like Tengeru [Arusha], there was less opportunity to meet Tanzanians, if only because there was a critical mass of Poles to spend time with, says Jonathan Durand, a Canadian documentary filmmaker and the grandson of Polish-African refugees. These included 200,828 ethnic Poles, 90,662 Jews, 31,392 Ukrainians, 27,418 Belorussians, 3,421 Russians, and 2,291 persons of other nationalities. list of polish refugees in east africa and rhodesia list of polish refugees in east africa and rhodesia. Her son died young due to an accident; her daughter still lives in South Africa with her grandchildren.[16]. 29. list of polish refugees in east africa and rhodesia. "It was a friendly existence, side by side," she told DW. Copies of Haller's Army
But what happened to the rest of the hundreds of thousands of deportees who did not leave with Anders' army? It appeared in the "Miedzy Nami" in one of Canadian newspapers
In time, various Polish institutions, including 24 schools serving some 3,000 students, were established in Iran and several. The majority of the refugees were women and girls (the younger men had been recruited into the Polish Army under General Wladyslaw Albert Anders). A family carrying their belongings walks at the border crossing between Poland and Ukraine in Medyka, Poland, Feb. 24, 2022, after Russian President Vladimir Putin authorized an invasion of Ukraine. She hoped we would return to Poland some day. The first group of exiles arrived in Africa in late 1942-44. which I can't recall at the moment. In Kenya, they were located in Rongai, Manira, Makindu, Nairobi, and Nyali near Mombasa. That was when Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin signed a non-aggression pact that divided several eastern European. Subscribe now for as little as $2 a month! http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2014/01/08/world/europe/ap-eu-poland-katyn-massacre.html?emc=eta1&_r=0, Then there were the Soviet deportations. US membership $20; Canadian membership is $25. concerns and construction projects in Southern Rhodesia. The Refugee Office of the British colonial government in Nairobi handled the resettlement. They were provided with refreshments and not a few of the refugees were in tears when the train steamed out. The service can provide the following: + A town or village location search and, if available, a brief area history. The Poles in Africa were mostly disappointed with the result of the conference in Yalta, which led to the dependency of eastern Poland to the regime of Joseph Stalin, and they did not want to return to Poland ruled by communists controlled by the authorities in Moscow. [2] There were four waves of deportations of entire families with children, women, and elderly people aboard freight trains from 1940 until 1941. Their ships docked at Mombasa, the Kenyan port, and from there they scattered in various directions in East and Southern Africa - from the Equator to the Cape of Good Hope. Often it was not accurate, especially as far as dates of birth. 00-950 Warszawa skr poczt 1005
Korespondencja w sprawie pomocy charytatywnej, zaproszenia
Then a special camp for Polish children was built near the village of Balachadi in Jamnagar, Kathiawar, thanks to help of the Maharaja Jam Sahib of Nawanagar (see also Help of Maharaja of Nawanagar for Polish refugees). In November 1947, the action of reuniting military families began, thanks to which about 9,500 people left Africa. There she met her husband, a Pole and a survivor of the Majdanek concentration camp. The actual number of Germans remaining in these former German territories put under Polish authority was one of the critical questions regarding both Poland's new borders and the expulsions. But such isolation was not the norm in the rest of the camps in East Africa. The refugees arrived on African shores in two stages. 492s. obituaries and death notices found in the Dziennik Chicagoski, 1890-1971. In August 1942, two schools were created, for younger (aged 8-15) and older scouts. In my view, this toll is the direct and indirect responsibility of the new Polish government (although aided, abetted, and promoted by the Soviets), as I will establish in the next section. As soon as their train drew in to Nairobi station they were met by members of the Polish Red Cross, the Polish Delegation, the Kenya Women's Emergency Organisation, and other officials, and were given refreshments. Polish children in Tengeru, Tanzania in 1946. From 1942 to 1950, nearly twenty thousand Poles found refuge from the horrors of war-torn Europe in camps within Britain's African colonies, including Uganda, Tanganyika, Kenya and Northern and Southern Rhodesia. At the end of 1944, there were 13,364 Polish citizens in three countries of East Africa, of which 6,331 in Tanganyika. There was also a simple apprenticeship system for the youth. He was assisted by the camp manager appointed by the Polish Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare. Polish soldiers went from Iran mainly to Iraq and Palestine, from where they were to go to the fronts of World War II. After the first evacuation, Polish-Soviet relations deteriorated and the Soviet government began arresting Polish officials. http://wilson.ctstateu.edu/lib/archives/polish/, http://www.poland.pl/articles/index.htm?c=421, http://www.ap.gdansk.pl/english/linki/poland.php, http://www.loc.gov/rr/european/archiwum.html, http://www.mapywig.org/m/wig500k/MAPA_POLSKI_1_500_000_KRAKOW_11.jpg, http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.CHAP7.ADDENDA.HTM, http://www.videofact.com/english/samples/E_2/E19_part1.html, http://www.iyp.org/polish/history/antypolonizmy/jedwabne_en_124.html, http://www.videofact.com/english/samples/E_2/E19_part2.html, Polish
Additional Polish transports arrived in late 1943. 2022. czerwiec. Ukraintsi v Pol'shi pislia Druhoi Svitovoi Viiny 1944-1984. The settlements in Koja and Tengeru ended their activities only in the second half of 1952. Eighty percent of the food consumed by the Jews was smuggled into the ghettos by Poles. "Polish Refugees in Iran during World War II". The Poles living in the settlements in the then Tanganyika formed well-organized communities with an efficiently functioning educational system, cultural and sporting activities. [7] The categories of civilians first targeted by the NKVD included court judges, civil servants, staff of municipal governments, members of the police force, refugees from western Poland, tradesmen, forestry workers, settlers, and small farmers, as well as children from summer camps and Polish orphanages, family members of anyone arrested by the NKVD, and family members of anyone who had escaped to the West or had gone missing. Tyrsa. For traveling in the opposite direction and trying to cross the borders of Europe, also in Poland, are thousands of refugees from the Middle East and elsewhere. Workshops and village industries were started. With a few days, Germany invaded Poland, triggering World War II. This operation was complicated, time-consuming and cost-intensive, especially in the conditions of the ongoing war. A large Polish settlement was also founded in Mexico. Roma J. Czech, a dental hygienist in the UK, recalls a little of her mothers time in the displaced persons camps in Kenya. Language--U. Varshava. By the war's end, 26,121 Southern Rhodesians of all races had served in the armed forces, 8,390 of them overseas, operating in the European theatre, the Mediterranean and Middle East theatre . Zjednoczonych (1941-1942). The KNBS CPI showed cabbages, carrots and sukuma wiki were among food items whose prices significantly. the Poland - Soviet Union Border during 1945 -1950
A Polish Child's WWII Journey. t.208. Fundatsiia Sv.Volodymyra, . The settlement was financed by the Polish Government in London and by American institutions, including the National Catholic Welfare Conference and the Polish American Council. Each camp had its own school, clubroom, and theatre. Altogether, between 1942 and 1947, Polish schools in Palestine had 1,632 students. America. Dluga 7
T.4. There they were loaded on ships to be ferried to Tehran, the Iranian capital. They deported hundreds of thousands of Poles, including many Jews, in four waves to forced labor camps in remote Russian regions such as Siberia and Kazakhstan. "It was often their first contactwith whites," he told DW. Chicken and eggs were plentiful. Together, they immigrated to Canada. Some of them went on to emigrate to the United States, Argentina, Canada, France and Australia. The contract was Ursus' third deal in Africa, a market that many Polish entrepreneurs are looking to boost. The majority of applications were citizens of the former Soviet Union (in particular, Chechnya and Ukraine)..
This agreement was signed on July 30 1941 and enabled all Polish people to be freed for the purpose of forming an Army and help Stalin fight Hitler. On March 19, 1942, General Wadysaw Anders ordered the evacuation of Polish soldiers and civilians who lived next to army camps. http://www.poland.pl/articles/index.htm?c=421
. Here is the other matching map to the West. Check with Polish Archives for birth records, Polish army records. The next transfer took place in 195559, after Stalin's death.[21]. PERIODICALS
Mexico. Language--U. Krakiv, 1995. In January 1948, the Commissioner of the East African Refugee Administration wrote a letter about the deportation of the Polish refugees from the Abercorn camp. This number does not include those shot for failing or straying out of line during deportation, or disobeying an
The Soviet Red Army had taken the Polish officers prisoner after invading eastern Poland in September 1939. About one third of the civilians were children. The main street of the camp was named after General Tadeusz Br-Komorowski. In Africa, Polish schools, churches, hospitals, civic centers, and manufacturing and service cooperatives were founded and Polish culture prospered. PHOTO | UGANDA NATIONAL ARCHIVES. Most Poles were forced to stay in the Soviet Union. Moreover, several Polish periodicals were published, Polish amateur theaters were founded, and Polish business enterprises flourished. medical experiments, and terror bombing, and in the concentration and death
Many were in Warsaw during the brutal German air and land bombardment, the majority have lost husbands, parents, or other relatives. Korespondencja z w?adzami amerykanskimi w sprawie zezwolenia na pobyt i uzyskania obywatelstwa. All the camps and settlements established in Iran, Lebanon, Palestine, India, Africa, Mexico, and New Zealand were meant to be temporary quarters for the Polish refugees until the end of the war and the expected liberation of their country. (0-22) 831-32-06 do 08
Moreover, even while in Iran, although debriefed, the refugees were not encouraged to speak about their experiences in the Soviet Union with outsiders. Most of them lived in Uganda and Tanzania (then Tanganyika), a considerable number in Zambia (then Northern Rhodesia) and Zimbabwe (then Southern Rhodesia) and some in . By the end of 1943, 33,000 refugees were transferred from Iran to other countries. However, during first years of war the rate of German and Soviet murder of the Poles was much higher than that of the Jews. THE TRUTH ABOUT JEDWABNE AND HEROIC DEEDS OF THE POLISH NATION IN THE 20TH CENTURY by Prof. Iwo Cyprian Pogonowski, See full text in: http://www.iyp.org/polish/history/antypolonizmy/jedwabne_en_124.html. In 1948, the majority of the exiles were resettled in various parts of the UK, Canada and Australia. When the Polish community
World War II. POLISH REFUGEES IN EAST AFRICA, 1942-1946 description Object description Kenya Women's Emergency Organisation helpers looking after the large party of refugee women and children. Korespondencja w sprawie pomocy dla uchodzcw. The Millenium of Christianity in Rus'-Ukraine. By the end of September 1942, 1,044 people were located in the Ugandan settlement in Masindi, and 510 and 401 respectively in Morogoro and Kondoa in Tanganyika. READ: How a displaced Polish family found refuge in Tanzania. During the second evacuation, 69,247 persons left the Soviet Union, including 25,501 civilians (9,633 children). From 1942 to 1949, Gerech lived with her siblings and parents in a simple thatched hut in Tengeru in what was then the British-administered territory of Tanganyika (now Tanzania). Their ship docked at the port of Mombasa and from here they were settled in camps in Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania (then Tanganyika) and Zambia and Zimbabwe (formerly Northern and Southern Rhodesia). Panstwowe w Rzeszowie
At first, they were transported to the town of Bandra, in the suburbs of Bombay, where Hanka Ordonwna took care of the kids. Subject: UKRAINIANS IN POLAND
Camp life was organized, there was a school, scouts, and religious life. He was even more grateful at Yalta, when the Western Allies
The listing of refugees is not complete, because new waves of refugees were constantly flowing in. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The Polish refugees who were going to East Africa were shipped from Iran, or taken from Iran to India and shipped from an Indian port, to different African destinations. For many, the help provided by the United States and Great Britain was too little and too late. Skins were tanned for leather and lint-cotton was purchased from nearby ginneries. Bogdan Harbuz stayed at Koja camp: "We did not receive any money for food, we only got 5 shillings a month for our expenses. Marunchak, Mykhailo (1914). The [following] article
M23 has been accusing the DRC of ignoring a promise to integrate its fighters into the army. In smaller camps, there was much more reaching out to the local communities on the part of the Poles., READ: Tengeru: A long lost Polish history. The expected end of the war limited further evacuations. In 1948, the number of Poles in East Africa decreased to 3,497, of which 2,080 lived in Tanganyika. 65s. Expectations and the execution of rules concerning the refugees . This was a small fraction of the approximately 1.7 million Polish citizens who had been arrested by the Soviets at the beginning of the war. Harvard University. She wanted us to go either to India or Africa, as it was closer to Europe. Regards, Richard P. From Videofact International, Documentary Press, here is Part 1:
Migration expert Julia Devlin agrees with Durand's findings. There were no towns or villages nearby, only a small piece of land that had been cut out of the lush tropical forest. Language--U. Varshava, 1997. No wonder then that the estimates among Germans themselves for the human cost of the expulsion from the German eastern territories varies from 800,000 to 3,200,000 dead.29 Even lower figures are available. Poles in Mexico were not allowed to leave their camps. The refugees had arrived in groups and they also left in groups at different times. Kenya Women's Emergency Organisation helpers looking after the large party of refugee women and children. The pace of evacuation of Polish refugees from Iran to Africa was high. My mother refused the tempting offer of going to Santa Rosa in Mexico. In November 1947, the action of reuniting military families began, thanks to which about 9,500 people left Africa. By clicking an e-mail address provided as a link, you consent to the processing of your data (e-mail address and other data provided on a voluntary basis in the message) in order for the recipient to send a response to the submitted questions. UNHCR also aims to improve durable solutions such as local integration opportunities and increase public awareness of refugees and asylum issues. These exiles found temporary refuge in Iran, India, Palestine, New Zealand, Mexico and British East and Southern Africa. They were going from Kigoma to Dar es Salaam and from there by ship to the United Kingdom, where their next of kinoften husbands and sons who had been fighting in the warwere getting courses and training for civilian jobs. Several camps were opened in and around Bombay, with the biggest one located at Kolhapur Valivade, where 5,000 stayed. At the end of 1944, there were 13,364 Polish citizens in three countries of East Africa, of which 6,331 in Tanganyika. These journeys, often several weeks long, brought new suffering and tens of thousands died from hunger, cold, heat, disease and exhaustion on that trip to freedom. Arrested Polish gentiles were to be turned over to the Germans for execution. Only three or so trips were allowed, so, sadly, those who arrived too late were unable to get out. state archives, goverment archives of Poland, English version: http://www.archiwa.gov.pl/?CIDA=43, Polish home
This utter lack of concern brought about a crisis of unimaginable proportions. Just in the city of Bydgoszcz, for example, Germans murdered about 10,000 non-Jewish civilians in four months of occupation. Exiled to Siberia. There were definitely Jews among the evacuees. During his travels to the former Polish refugee camps in South Africa, Tanzania and Zambia, Durand said that local people "had good memories of the Poles,"who farmed and sent their children to school. Listy braci: Karola, Antoniego, Jana, ciotki Zofii Lanckoronskiej (1942-1949). After Yalta
Further Polish transports went to India by sea, from the port of Ahvaz to Bombay. The list of Polish refugees residing in areas of East Africa and Rhodesia was prepared by the Polish Red Cross in Nairobi in 1943. And Palestine, from where they were transported to Dar es Salaam ferried to Tehran, the majority of evacuation. Bydgoszcz, for example, Germans murdered about 10,000 non-Jewish civilians in four months of occupation Hitler had to out. Soviets invaded Poland from the port of Ahvaz to Bombay first evacuation, Polish-Soviet deteriorated. Can provide the following: + a town or village location search and, if available, a that! Polish press Child 's WWII Journey three or so trips were allowed, so,,. Left in groups at different times, Polish schools in Palestine had 1,632 students and half Central. Hospitals, civic centers, and manufacturing and service cooperatives were founded and Polish culture prospered the end 1944! 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list of polish refugees in east africa and rhodesia